Types of EMC Testing for CE Marking

EMC Electromagnetic Compatibility Testing Introduction

Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) primarily focuses on the study of interference and anti-interference in electronic and electrical products. It aims to ensure that various electronic and electrical devices, equipment, or systems can operate normally without interfering with each other, achieving a state of compatibility. EMC is divided into two main categories: EMI and EMS.

- EMI (Electromagnetic Interference): Refers to the emission characteristics of a device, i.e., how the device emits electromagnetic disturbances to the external environment.

- EMS (Electromagnetic Susceptibility): Refers to the immunity of a device to external electromagnetic disturbances. The more sensitive a device is, the lower its immunity.

Scope of EMC Testing and Standards

1. IT and Information Products:

- EMC Standards: EN 55022/EN 55024 (updated to EN 55032, EN 55035)

- Common Products: Personal computers, telephones, scanners, routers, accounting machines, printers, bookkeeping machines, calculators, cash registers, copiers, data circuit terminal equipment, data pre-processing equipment, data processing equipment, data terminal equipment, dictation devices, shredders, duplicators, power adapters, chassis power supplies, digital cameras, etc.

2. AV Products:

- EMC Standards: EN 55013/EN 55020 (updated to EN 55032, EN 55035)

- Common Products: Speakers, audio and video teaching equipment, video projectors, video cameras and monitors, amplifiers, DVD players, turntables and disc players, CRT TVs, LCD TVs, recorders, radios, etc.

3. Household Appliances:

- EMC Standards: EN 55014-1/EN 55014-2

- Common Products: Electric kettles, meat slicers, blenders, juicers, microwave ovens, solar water heaters, household fans, dish disinfectors, air conditioner compressors, freezers, range hoods, gas water heaters, etc.

4. Lighting Equipment:

- EMC Standards: EN 55015/EN 61547

- Common Products: Light tubes, bulb lights, tunnel lights, industrial and mining lights, street lights, fluorescent lamps, table lamps, floor lamps, ceiling lights, wall lamps, electronic ballasts, lampshades, ceiling spotlights, cabinet lighting, light strips, etc.

5. Medical Devices:

- EMC Standards: YY 0505:2012 (latest standard: EN 55011:2016/A11:2020)

- Common Products: Radiotherapy machines, electrocardiographs, analyzers, ozone therapy devices, fumigation therapy devices, ultraviolet phototherapy devices, spectrum therapy devices, RF therapy devices, ultrasonic nebulizers, etc.

6. Residential, Commercial, and Light Industrial Products:

- EMC Standards: EN 61000-6-3, EN 61000-6-1

- Common Products: Light industrial machinery, electrical equipment for light industrial environments, electrical equipment for commercial buildings.

7. Heavy Industrial Products:

- EMC Standards: EN 61000-6-4, EN 61000-6-2

- Common Products: Various heavy industrial machinery, control cabinets.

8. Measuring Instruments and Laboratory Equipment:

- EMC Standards: EN 61326-1

- Common Products: Various testing instruments, electrical equipment for laboratories, sensors, etc.

Common EMC Testing Items

1. EMI Testing Items

   - Harmonic current (2–40 harmonics)

   - Flicker

   - Conducted disturbance (CE)

   - Radiated disturbance (RE)

2. EMS Testing Items

   - Electrostatic discharge immunity (ESD)

   - Radiated electromagnetic field (80MHz–1000 MHz) immunity (RS)

   - Electrical fast transient/burst immunity

   - Surge (lightning strike) immunity

   - Conducted susceptibility (150kHz–230MHz) (CS)

   - Voltage dips and short interruptions immunity

Sample Requirements for EMC Testing

EMC testing requires products to be in a normal operating state. When sending samples, manufacturers should include corresponding input/output loads and accessories. Wiring instructions and installation requirements should be sent to the laboratory in advance for confirmation. If installation testing software is required, software usage instructions should also be sent to the laboratory. Usually, two sets of standard matching products are sufficient.

EMC Testing Timeframe

The EMC testing process typically takes around 2-3 weeks after receiving the test samples and payment. Expedited processing is available if needed. If the test fails and modifications are required, the timeframe will be extended accordingly.

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